Germinación de semillas de Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc en respuesta a regímenes de luz causados por sombreo y situación de la semilla

  • M. Zhang Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing .
  • J. Zhu State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang.
  • Q. Yan Qingyuan Experimental Station of Forest Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang .

Resumen

Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc. es la especie arbórea dominante en los bosques mixtos de frondosas de pinos coreanos (clímax regional) que se ve seriamente limitada por su falta de regeneración. Para determinar los efectos de los regímenes de luz sobre la regeneración de P. koraiensis se ha examinado el proceso de germinación de la semilla en cámaras de sombra y en masas forestales (antes y después de la expansión de las hojas) con diferentes niveles de luz creados por sombreado y por la localización de las semillas. A pesar del gran tamaño de las semillas de P. koraiensis (500-600 mg), tanto la intensidad de luz y la calidad han afectado significativamente el porcentaje de germinación tanto en cámaras de sombra como en los bosques. Cambios importantes en la intensidad de la luz y en su calidad ocasionaron la germinación de la mayoría de las semillas (80%) en los bosques sin hojas y cámaras de sombra, mientras que sólo una minoría (≤ 20%) germinaron después de la expansión de las hojas en el bosque. Por otra parte, la germinación de las semillas en las cámaras de sombra y en bosques sin hojas mostraron patrones similares. Constantemente han alcanzado un grado de sombreado del 70%, lo cual es óptimo para la germinación de las semillas de P. koraiensis en tierra vegetal. La posición de la semilla afecta significativamente a la germinación en cada grado de sombreo, especialmente cuando los revestimientos de desechos vegetales y de tierra inhibieron drásticamente la germinación. Como conclusiones, (1) cuando las semillas no se estresan por temperatura o humedad, la irradiación de luz juega un papel crítico en la germinación de las semillas de P. koraiensis; (2) La posicion de las semillas, en relación con alteraciones en la intensidad de la luz y la calidad, afectó la germinación de P. koraiensis, (3) un experimento en cámara de sombreo utilizando un paño neutral proporciona una manera para controlar la germinación de P. koraiensis en primavera, antes de la expansión foliar. El requisito de luz para la germinación de P. koraiensis juega un papel clave en la regeneración de los bosques secundarios templadas.

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Publicado
2012-11-28
Cómo citar
Zhang, M., Zhu, J., & Yan, Q. (2012). Germinación de semillas de Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc en respuesta a regímenes de luz causados por sombreo y situación de la semilla. Forest Systems, 21(3), 426-438. https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2012213-02721
Sección
Articulos Originales