Cambios estacionales en la actividad fisiológica del regenerado bajo un gradiente natural de luz en una masa natural de Pinus pinea.

  • Marta Pardos CIFOR.INIA
  • Jaim Puértolas CEAM. Universidad de Alicante
  • Guillermo Madrigal CIFOR.INIA
  • Enrique Garriga CIFOR.INIA
  • Santiago de Blas CIFOR.INIA
  • Rafael Calama CIFOR.INIA
Palabras clave: Pino piñonero, regeneración natural, sequía, frío, intercambio gaseosos, eficiencia fotoquímica, estado hídrico

Resumen

Durante 2007 y 2008 se midió la evolución estacional de la fluorescencia a la clorofila, de los parámetros de intercambio gaseoso y del estado hídrico, junto con variables ambientales, en el regenerado de cuatro clases de edad de pino piñonero (Pinus pinea L.) bajo un gradiente natural de luz en una masa regular de pino piñonero. Las plantas de un año se adaptaron peor a las condiciones de sequía extrema del verano (principalmente en 2008), mostrando valores menores de Fv/Fm al mediodía y al amanecer, de tasa fotosintética al mediodía, de Phi-PSII, de potenciales hídricos (Phi-pd y Phi-min) y una mayor mortalidad (90%). Las plantas de mayor edad (clase 4, 51-200 cm de altura), aunque no experimentaron los valores de Phi-min menores en julio 2008, no fueron capaces de mantener una fotosíntesis positiva al mediodía, incluso mostrando los valores menores. Sin embargo, se recuperaron rápidamente al suavizarse las condiciones climáticas en otoño. A finales de otoño se obtuvieron valores bajos de Fv/Fm, especialmente en las plantas de un año, indicando que la máxima eficiencia fotoquímica del PSII fue sensible a las temperaturas bajo cero registradas en ambos otoños. Por tanto, la regeneración del pino piñonero adapta su fisiología a los cambios estacionales de temperatura y disponibilidad hídrica, mostrando un comportamiento fotosintético diferente según la clase de edad. Sin embargo, la fisiología de las plantas no se vió afectada por el gradiente natural de luz encontrado en la masa estudiada, probablemente debido a la baja variabilidad registrada en GSF y a la baja densidad de la masa. Se sugiere que esa densidad es insuficiente para asegurar la supervivencia de las plantas de un año, pero suficiente para el regenerado de más edad.

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Publicado
2010-10-04
Cómo citar
Pardos, M., Puértolas, J., Madrigal, G., Garriga, E., de Blas, S., & Calama, R. (2010). Cambios estacionales en la actividad fisiológica del regenerado bajo un gradiente natural de luz en una masa natural de Pinus pinea. Forest Systems, 19(3), 367-380. https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2010193-9102
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Artículos de investigación