Tendencias de investigación relacionadas con especies tropicales maderables durante las últimas cuatro décadas a través de análisis cienciométricos
Resumen
Objetivo del estudio: El diálogo entre actores es clave para implementar la gestión forestal sostenible en los bosques tropicales. Sin embargo, en estos procesos en los que intervienen múltiples actores, a menudo se pasa por alto el papel y el interés de una parte interesada clave, como son los científicos. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar los temas que los científicos forestales han relacionado más con el concepto de “especies maderables tropicales” durante las últimas cuatro décadas. Área de estudio: Bosques tropicales del mundo. Material y métodos: Análisis cienciométricos (análisis de palabras conjuntas), utilizando los paquetes de R Bibliometrix y Biblioshiny en las bases de datos Web of Science (WoS) y Scopus. Resultados principales: Se identificaron 35.204 documentos que utilizaban el concepto “especies maderables tropicales”. La productividad científica ha crecido desde un documento en 1980 hasta 31.457 documentos en 2023, con el 40% de toda la productividad científica generado solamente en el período 2018-2023. Los temas de investigación dominantes han estado relacionados con las ciencias básicas sobre la estructura ecológica (temas como taxonomía, y biodiversidad, con 4.682 y 4.359 ocurrencias, respectivamente). Sin embargo, el cambio climático (575 ocurrencias en 2018-2023) está ganando importancia rápidamente. De hecho, el cambio climático se ha convertido en un tema básico de investigación, mientras que temas aplicados como fragmentación de ecosistemas, deforestación, anatomía de la madera, mortalidad, gestión forestal y teledetección se han convertido en los temas más prevalentes (como temas de nicho, motores o básicos) en los últimos dos años estudiados (2022-2023). Aspectos destacados de la investigación: Los científicos muestran cada vez más interés en temas aplicados relacionados con la gestión de especies tropicales maderables. Sin embargo, los científicos forestales están interesados principalmente en la investigación relacionada con la biodiversidad, la conservación y el cambio climático cuando estudian las especies de madera tropicales. Por eso, tales cuestiones deberían considerarse en los diálogos entre múltiples actores sobre la gestión sostenible de los bosques tropicales.
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