Cambio en el uso del suelo en una región Mediterránea metropolitana y su periferia: evaluación
Resumen
La gestión sostenible del territorio requiere de análisis realistas sobre el impacto de las políticas de conservación en la estructura y dinámica del paisaje. La región Euro-Mediterránea presenta una biodiversidad remarcable que está unida en parte a las prácticas tradicionales del uso del suelo y que actualmente está amenazada por el cambio global. La efectividad de la implantación de políticas de conservación frente a los cambios en el uso del suelo fue examinada en el centro de España (Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid). Se usaron modelos de Markov para analizar la dinámica del paisaje parametrizados con información del CORINE Land Cover y se obtuvieron las matrices de transición. La metodología se aplicó en áreas protegidas y no protegidas para examinar si la intensidad y dirección de los cambios del uso del suelo claves —urbanización, intensificación agrícola y abandono— difieren significativamente en función del grado de protección. Las áreas protegidas experimentaron menores tasas en el proceso de intensificación agrícola y mayores en el abandono con respecto a las ocurridas en zonas sin protección. Se demuestra cómo modelos y herramientas matemáticas —parametrizados con los datos disponibles— pueden proporcionar a gestores y políticos indicadores útiles para la evaluación de políticas de conservación e identificación de transiciones de uso del suelo.Descargas
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