Operational use of mass-trapping to study and suppress Monochamus galloprovincialis (Col.: Cerambycidae) populations: a field case
Abstract
Aim of the study: To investigate mass trapping as a less invasive and cost-effective alternative to large-scale clear-cutting for controlling Monochamus galloprovincialis (Olivier, 1795), the primary vector of the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer, 1934) Nickle, 1970, the causal agent of pine wilt disease (PWD) in southern European coniferous forests. Area of study: Two field experiments were conducted in a 209 ha Pinus pinaster Aiton stand in Pino del Río (Palencia, Spain). Additionally, long-term PWD management was evaluated in the demarcated area of Sancti-Spiritus (Salamanca, Spain). Material and methods: Beetle population size was estimated using capture-mark-recapture (CMR) and analyzed with the Jolly-Seber model. Trapping efficiency at different trap densities was assessed using generalized linear models. Long-term disease management combined mass trapping with the removal of symptomatic trees over a 10-year period. Main results: Trap densities of 0.11, 0.44, and 1 trap/ha removed 19.3%, 67.4%, and 85% of the beetle population, respectively. Logistic regression predicted near-complete suppression at 1.8 traps/ha. In Sancti-Spiritus, after 10 years of integrated management, no positive results were found in plant or insect vector samples, and the disease was considered eradicated from the demarcated area. Research highlights: Mass trapping is a viable alternative or complement to clear-cutting in PWD management, particularly in high-risk areas where terrain complexity or forest stand conditions hinder effective tree and debris removal.
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